The third approach suggests that abnormality can be defined in terms of an inability to function adequately in day-to-day life and social interactions.
An absence of distress and the ability to function are standards normal.
This approach has the benefit of taking the individual’s experience into account. However it has been criticized as follows:
- How do we determine whether a person is functioning adequately?
- Not all those with mental disorders are aware of their own distress or dysfunction.
- The definition raises concerns about cultural bias and subjectivity as judgments by others on their behalf may be biased.
- Rosenhan and Seligman have extended the “failure to function” model to cover seven features associated with abnormality, but these again rely on making subjective judgments.
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