Friday, October 19, 2012

The autonomic nervous system (ANS)

The ANS is concerned with involuntary movements and vital bodily functions, and is automatic. It is divided into two branches which are the sympathetic branch, which activates internal organs for flight or flight. The second is the parasympathetic branch, which conserve energy and promotes metabolism. These two branches often operate in opposition to each other and maintain homeostasis. The ANS achieves its effect via the endocrine system which produces hormones. In stress situations, the immediate shock response arouses the sympathetic branch which prepares the individual for flight or fight. This followed by the countershock response which is designed to minimize any damage caused by the shock response. It involves the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis and seeks to return the body to its parasympathetic state.

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